INTERVIEW WITH HARUN KAZAZ, DIRECTOR, WRITER AND PRODUCER FOR “RISING WINGS”

Harun Kazaz, thank you for speaking to us. “Old gunners, bushwacking, body booting and million-dollar decoys.”Of all topics, what drew you to this one?

Thank you for having me. The story behind ‘Rising Wings’ unfolds in a way that is as serendipitous as it is compelling. It’s a story that found me, rather than the other way around, and has since captured my heart and imagination.

This journey began through chance meetings with a remarkable Retired Army General, Warren Magruder, a vibrant soul at 95 years young now. In our interactions, he would weave enthralling tales of duck hunting, painting vivid pictures of skies clouded with waterfowl over the Susquehanna Flats in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland. His stories, the artistry of handmade decoys by the masterful Madison Mitchell, and details of intricate hunting methods sparked an undeniable curiosity in me.

A key element that consistently surfaced in his stories was ‘celery,’ initially conjuring images of the familiar vegetable in our daily diets. However, my curiosity led me to a fascinating revelation – the ‘celery’ he referred to was ‘Vallisneria americana,’ or wild celery, an integral part of Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay ecosystem.

As I delved deeper, I realized that these stories were much more than accounts of hunting; they were rich, layered narratives interweaving human experiences, wildlife, and the fabric of American heritage. They brought to light a dynamic interplay between humans and nature, continually evolving amidst environmental changes.

‘Rising Wings’ emerged from these explorations, transcending the traditional notions of a hunting story. It is an ode to the intricate relationship we share with the natural world, highlighting our profound impact on it and its undeniable influence on us. This documentary is not just a celebration of tradition and the sport of hunting; it’s a poignant reflection on our enduring connection with nature and the responsibility we bear in shaping its future.

Your film is a tribute to hunting and the artforms around hunting as a sport. You tell us about the connection between humans and nature from ancient Egypt to 20th Century America. Are hand crafted decoys for sinkboxes truly recognised as part of American folk art?

In the past, literally thousands of hand-carved decoys were used for various methods of duck hunting, including sink-boxes. In fact, due to their heavy usage, these decoys often required repainting. However, when it comes to those select pieces considered true folk art, the market sets a much higher standard for what qualifies.

Folk art, by its essence, reflects the culture, traditions, and ethos of a community or region. It’s a narrative medium that tells stories, preserves history, and embodies the unique identity of its creators. This is especially true for duck decoys, a form of folk art deeply ingrained in regions with strong ties to waterfowl hunting in America.

In my film, ‘Rising Wings,’ we explore how duck decoy carving, an artistic expression born from the hearts and hands of skilled craftspeople who were undertakers, barbers, and repairmen, transcends mere artistry. Unconstrained by the formalities of traditional art, these decoys offer a raw, authentic snapshot of the artist’s vision. Their value lies not just in their aesthetic appeal but in the stories they carry and the traditions they uphold.

The craftsmanship in duck decoy art is exceptional. Passed down through generations, these techniques keep alive a rich heritage, turning each piece into a living legacy of age-old traditions. The attention to detail in carving, painting, and achieving lifelike representations speaks volumes on the dedication and skill involved. Moreover, a true folk art decoy needs to float, even if it is not being used for hunting. While they are more than just pretty sculptures and their owners could take them out for use, whether they choose to do so after paying thousands of dollars is, of course, up to them.

As folk art, there’s also the uniqueness and rarity factor – each handcrafted decoy is a one-of-a-kind masterpiece. Like in nature, no two are exactly alike. This uniqueness is aptly encapsulated by master decoy makers like the Ward Brothers, who famously referred to their shop as “Nature’s Counterfeiters.”

But beyond the craftsmanship and uniqueness, duck decoys resonate on a profoundly emotional level. For collectors and enthusiasts, these pieces are more than artifacts; they are repositories of nostalgia, connections to nature, and for some, personal memories. They offer a historical perspective, a window into past societies, and a chronicle of the evolution of hunting practices and attitudes towards wildlife.

Today, the value of these decoys is recognized far and wide. Prestigious museums showcase them, private collectors treasure them, and specialty stores and auctions in the U.S. – where they often fetch multimillion-dollar bids – celebrate them. This vibrant market is a testament to their enduring appeal and status as significant American folk art.

Often, we overlook the fact that we share the same air with the entirety of nature – from the tiniest insects and a diverse array of animals to the vast expanse of plant life. Similarly, the water we drink is part of a larger, interconnected cycle that sustains all forms of life. Any change in our environment has a ripple effect, impacting every living being in this natural world.

Through ‘Rising Wings,’ I aim to illuminate this intricate bond between humans and nature, highlighting how these exquisite pieces of folk art are not just tools for a sport but symbols of a rich cultural tapestry that has evolved from ancient Egypt to 21st Century America.

In short, a collectible duck decoy is regarded as genuine American folk art when it goes beyond its utilitarian purpose, embodying a fusion of craftsmanship, cultural significance, aesthetic value, age, provenance, originality, and cultural representation. These elements collectively contribute to its recognition and value within the market as a piece of American folk art.

In the late 19th century, 100 million waterfowl including the much coveted canvasback, became a food source. Hunting wild ducks developed into market hunting. From then on, a conflict started between market gunners and sport hunters. Still despite the 1918 laws and the Stamp Act, illegal (of which night) hunting continued. How can America reconcile its growing population’s needs and the dire need for regulation. Just a word of explanation: the lack of regulations is something we Western Europeans find hard to understand!

When delving into the history of hunting practices in America during the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly market hunting, it’s vital to approach the topic with an understanding of the societal context of that era. Frontier towns lacked the infrastructure and means for widespread food distribution, unlike major cities like Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, and New Orleans, which had railroad connections to bring in food from afar. Smaller communities depended heavily on local sources, including wild animals like ducks, for their protein needs.

This period was marked by a lack of understanding of wildlife conservation and resource management as we know it today. For a while, market hunting, therefore, played an essential role in meeting the dietary needs of local populations. As our society evolved, so did the recognition of the need for conservation and regulation in hunting practices.

Early attempts to enforce wildlife conservation laws faced challenges, with many regulations proving ineffective until a shift in societal attitudes occurred. Over time, this shift, coupled with additional conservation measures, led to a more controlled and regulated approach to hunting, particularly for migratory ducks and other wildlife.

A historical perspective is essential for comprehending hunting practices of the past. It allows us to draw parallels with contemporary issues, such as the tolerance of informal, substandard quality settlements on government lands due to housing accessibility challenges in some cities around the world. In this scenario, akin to historical hunting practices, we can emphasize how societal needs and limitations influence the formulation of laws, policies, and practices.

In essence, comprehending the evolution of duck hunting regulations and practices necessitates an appreciation for the societal constraints and necessities of those times. It serves as a poignant reminder of how societal needs drive laws and practices, evolving in response to changing circumstances and values.

Today in the U.S., just as in the recent past, sport hunting and fishing are enjoyed by millions. However, these activities are subject to strict regulation, enforced by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in conjunction with Department of Natural Resources agencies in each state. The USFWS is the sole federal government agency with the primary responsibility of managing fish and wildlife resources in the public trust. They oversee national wildlife refuges, protect endangered species, manage migratory birds, and restore nationally significant wetlands.

Waterfowl hunting limits, which encompass ducks and geese, can vary depending on the location, species, and specific regulations established by wildlife management authorities. These limits are typically put in place to ensure the sustainability of waterfowl populations and may undergo annual adjustments based on population assessments.

Regarding weapons, what you call the fowling pieces can be impressive. However, the viewer can only feel distraught to see the lethal power of the punt gun boats. Are you are a weapons’ lover? What is your views of weapons in America?

I’m glad that you asked this question. As a documentary filmmaker, I have embraced the responsibility of being a humble custodian of stories, committed to preserving and sharing narratives that hold the power to educate and inspire. To clarify, I am not involved in hunting, nor do I own firearms. Additionally, I am not affiliated with any hunting or firearms-related organizations. Furthermore, I understand and empathize with individuals who express concern about the historical use of punt guns and puntboats, which symbolize greed and exploitation. It’s crucial to examine such historical practices, like the use of punt guns in the 19th century, within their specific historical context, highlighting a time when profit often took precedence over conservation efforts.

Regarding the broader topic of firearms in America, while viewers would quickly recognize that firearms are not the primary focus of ‘Rising Wings,’ your question prompts me to acknowledge that it is a subject deserving thoughtful consideration within its distinctive context. The right to own firearms is enshrined in the U.S. Constitution, in place since 1789. The interpretation and exercise of this legal right, that also comes with responsibility, varies significantly based on individual circumstances and realities.

For instance, consider the sport of waterfowl hunting, which typically requires the use of a shotgun. However, the dynamics change when one resides in densely populated urban areas where police and emergency services are readily accessible. This situation contrasts sharply with the reality in vast, sparsely populated regions like Montana. One of the largest states in the U.S., Montana boasts a land area that can rival entire countries such as Norway, Japan, Germany, or the UK, yet it houses a relatively small population of just over one million residents. In such expansive locales, practical considerations and perceptions related to firearm ownership can vary significantly.

In conclusion, whether discussing historical hunting weapons or contemporary firearm ownership, it is crucial to consider the context. Understanding the diverse circumstances and historical backgrounds that shape these perspectives is essential for fostering a balanced and empathetic understanding.

Like you said, the decline of the water fowl population was unintended. Yet, the result is appalling. In 1903, it was already said to be “becoming scarcer and scarcer”. But it was a consequence of progress. The growth of the population has been in reverse proportion vis-à-vis the bird population. Water pollution, eroded marshes and the contamination of the wild celery pose huge problems that are compounded by climate change and droughts. What measures are being taken?

Today, relative decline in waterfowl populations, though unintended, is indeed concerning. As far back as 1903, there were indications that these populations were becoming scarcer. This decline is, in many ways, a consequence of progress. The growth of human populations has, at times, run counter to the well-being of bird populations and the nature around us. However, efforts by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and wildlife management authorities in each state have made a significant difference. Additionally, responsible citizenship, where individuals adhere to the laws and regulations in place, plays a crucial role.

At the same time, it’s evident that water pollution, the erosion of marshes, the loss of aquatic waterfowl habitat, as well as the challenges posed by climate change and droughts, are substantial and interconnected issues crossing boundaries of nations. Each of these factors exerts a considerable impact, and addressing them requires the collaboration of diverse and dispersed authorities, not only within nations but also across borders. The migratory patterns of waterfowl, spanning thousands of miles, present a complex challenge that transcends political boundaries.

It is incumbent upon all of us to work together and confront these challenges. Regardless of where we live, our very lives are intertwined with the health of our ecosystems. In the words of Douglas Noël Adams, “The single raindrop never feels responsible for the flood.” We must remind ourselves that we, as individuals, are part of a neighborhood, a society, a region, a country, and a continent, all interconnected by nature. We are a part of it all.

To safeguard our environment and the well-being of both human and bird populations, we must collaborate, innovate, and collectively address the warnings that wildlife is signaling to us. Our interconnectedness with nature necessitates a united effort, and it is a responsibility we, individually, share as custodians of our planet.

In 1910, Theodore Roosevelt said “conservation means development as much as it does protection”. In 2024, does conservation not means survival? What is your view on conservation and sustainability in general?

Theodore Roosevelt’s words from 1910 still hold relevance today, but our perspective on conservation has indeed evolved. In 2024, conservation extends beyond mere development or protection; it is intrinsically linked to our survival as a species on this planet.

Viewing conservation and sustainability through a balanced and neutral lens, it becomes clear that these principles are vital for the well-being of both humans and the environment. Conservation practices are driven by a shared responsibility to safeguard our natural resources for current and future generations.

Sustainability, in its broadest sense, is about finding ways to meet our needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own. It is a concept that transcends boundaries and aligns with our collective interest in maintaining a stable and thriving planet.

Since the start of human existence on our planet, conservation in various forms has been an inherent part of our lives and will continue to be so as long as humans inhabit this planet. Recognizing this historical context, it’s essential to understand that human life on Earth has always been marked by a balance between progress and conservation. Life on our planet requires a nuanced and balanced approach, full of shades of gray, rather than simple contrasts.

Efforts to conserve natural habitats, reduce pollution, manage resources responsibly, and address climate change are initiatives that demand collaboration, innovation, and pragmatism from all sectors of society. Conservation and sustainability revolve around the pursuit of common ground and practical solutions to the complex challenges facing our world, irrespective of political boundaries. We, as humans, all inhabit the same shared space, coexisting with the rest of the living beings on this planet. The difference lies in the fact that humans serve as custodians of the Earth, bearing full responsibility for maintaining the delicate balance of our actions.
In conclusion, our view on conservation and sustainability in 2024 reflects our recognition that these principles are fundamental to our survival and the well-being of our planet. It is a shared responsibility that calls for a collective commitment to a more sustainable and resilient future.

True, waterfowlers and gunning is part of American tradition in that the love of the great outdoor and camaraderie are values that ought to be passed down through generations. How important is passing the baton?

That is a great question. Passing the baton in the tradition of waterfowling and gunning is indeed of utmost importance. It ensures the continuation of not only a cherished heritage but also the values deeply rooted in our appreciation for the great outdoors and the bonds of camaraderie. These traditions have woven a profound connection to nature and community into the tapestry of American culture.

Conservation, in the broader context, underscores the responsibility of managing our natural resources and ecosystems with care. It speaks to the need to protect and preserve biodiversity, maintain ecological balance, and safeguard the long-term health of our planet. Conservation reminds us of the significance of preserving natural habitats, reducing pollution, and adopting responsible resource management.

While preserving these traditions is vital, it is equally vital to do so with a sense of responsibility and wisdom, guided by the lessons learned from both our history and our present. Encouraging ethical hunting practices, nurturing environmental stewardship, and promoting safety education are steps that ensure we pass the baton with reverence for the environment and with a deep sense of duty to future generations.

In a world undergoing rapid change, conservation and responsible practices have never been more critical. Maintaining these traditions reflects our evolving understanding of humanity’s role as guardians of the natural world. It is through the sincere and mindful passage of the baton that we can continue to cherish the great outdoors and foster camaraderie, all while preserving the environment for the generations that will follow in our footsteps.

©2024 Isabelle Rouault-Röhlich